The pharmacological action which deals with the forceful removal of Kapha and other Doshas that have adhered themselves in the body especially the Srotas (Channels or vessels). The substances are usually concentrated to act against the Kapha Dosha because the property of stickiness or Picchila is seen in this Dosha itself. Here we should understand that it the Dosharupi Kaphadi Dosha that is being eliminated and not that are in the state of normalcy.
DETAILS OF THE ACTION
ACTION NAME
छेदन
MODERN EQUIVALENTS
MUCOLYTICS & EXPECTORANTS
DEFINITION
DEFINITION
EXPLANATION/MEANING
REFERENCE
The reference is from Sharangadhara Samhita (शा. स.)
SYNONYMS (IF PRESENT)
SYNONYMS
NONE
EXPLANATION/MEANING
NONE
REFERENCE
NONE
MODE OF ACTION / PHARMACODYNAMICS
AYURVEDA EXPLANATION
The action of the substance is said to be CHEDANA when it dissociates or separates the Dosha that have adhered to its site or even in the sites of other Doshas or even to other Doshas and expels them forcibly. Here it should be understood that the process of removal is given more importance. While the same action is explained by giving importance to liquifying or process of dissociating the Doshas then it is known as Kaphanisaraka or simply Kaphahara. Infact both the activities are combined to explain the process of CHEDANA.
The properties that are responsible for the said action is अम्लरस (Amla), लवणरस (Lavana), कटुरस (Katu), तीक्ष्णगुण (Teekshna), उष्णगुण (Ushna), विशदगुण (Vishada) and even सूक्ष्मगुण (Sukshma) that are necessary for the process. The definition even though not specifies a particular Dosha but mentions as Kaphadi Dosha, giving the importance to Kapha Dosha as the property of adhering and sticking is mainly seen in this Dosha. The properties are useful in disintegrating the complex of the Doshas resulted between them (दोष संघात) or adherence to a part in the body (दोष दूष्य संमूर्छन) as they are predominant with those opposite to the कफदोष (Kapha).
MODERN EXPLANATION
The most common correlation made from Modern Pharmacology to the Action Chedana is Expectorants. Even Mucolytics can also be considered under this as mode of action involving both the activities namely Mucolytics and Expectorants are seen in the definition of CHEDANA.
Expectorant is defined as an agent that brings out the mucous and other materials from the lungs and other parts of respiratory system thus clearing the air pathways and facilitate respiration. The action may be either increase the fluidity or by increasing the volume of the fluids which are expelled easily by a cough reflex.
These expectorants are basically of two types namely
- Mucolytic expectorant
- Stimulative expectorant
The mucolytic expectorants are those which result in breaking down of mucous either by weakening the intermolecular forces, altering the pH or destruction of the glycoproteins. These are generally termed as Mucolytics
The stimulative expectorants can be either by direct action or by reflex action. The direct action is done by stimulating the bronchio secretions thereby increase the bulk along with fluidity or thinning of mucous that results in a cough reflex and the mucous is removed. While the reflex action is resulted by irritation of GI tract and stimulation of Gastric plexus resulting in thinning of mucous secretions facilitating easy removal.
INVESTIGATIVE PARAMETERS TO ASSESS
Sl. No.
CATEGORY OF PARAMETER
INVESTIGATION NAME
TYPE OF INVESTIGATION
1.
NOT YET COMPILED
NOT YET COMPILED
NOT YET COMPILED
LIST OF PLANTS THAT EXHIBIT THE ACTION
दीपनीय गण/DEEPANEEYA GROUP OF CHARAKA
पिप्पलीपिप्पलीमूलचव्यचित्रकशृङ्गवेराम्लवेतसमरिचाजमोदभल्लातकास्थिहिङ्गुनिर्यासा इति दशेमानि दीपनीयानि भवन्ति । (च.सू. 4th Chapter)
SANSKRIT NAME
1. पिप्पली
2. पिप्पलीमूल
3. चव्य
4. चित्रक
5. शृङ्गवेर
6. अम्लवेतस
7. मरिच
8. अजमोद
9. भल्लातकास्थि
10. हिङ्गु
BOTANICAL NAME
Piper longum L
Piper longum L roots
Piper retrofractum Vahl
Plumbago zeylanica L
Zingiber officinale Roscoe
Garcinia pedunculata Roxb ex Buch Ham
Piper nigrum Linn
Apium graveolens Linn
Seed of Semecarpus anacardium L.f.
Ferula asafoetida L
PART USED
Root
Root
Root
Root
Root, Seed & Oil
Root
Heartwood
Root
Seeds
Root
RESEARCH PAPERS ON THE PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION
Sl. No.
1.
2.
3.
TITLE OF THE PAPER
A REVIEW ON DEEPANA DRAVYA (APPETIZERS) OF BHAVAPRAKASHA NIGHANTU
Experimental evaluation of Deepana and Pachana Activity of Chitraka Kwatha w.s.r. to different Reduction Criteria
Conceptual Interpretation and Applied Facet of Deepana and Pachana
PUBLISHING JOURNAL
International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS)
International Journal of Innovative Knowledge Concepts
CITATION
Poornima B et al. A review on deepana dravya (appetizers) of Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. Int. J. Res. Ayurveda Pharm. 2018;9(3):171-173
B.N., Ashok Kumar et al. EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF DEEPANA AND PACHANA ACTIVITY OF CHITRAKA KWATHA WSR TO DIFFERENT REDUCTION CRITERIA. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences, v. 1, n. 4, p. 42 – 51, jan. 2017.
Vandana Singh et.al. “Conceptual Interpretation and Applied Facet of Deepana and Pachana“. International Journal of Innovative Knowledge Concepts. Volume 7. Issue No.1. January 2019. p.131-138.